Contractions

Contractions का मतलब होता है दो या दो से अधिक शब्दों (Words) को मिलाकर छोटा करके बोलना। इससे बोलने की स्पीड बढ़ती है और लिखते वक्त कम शब्दों का प्रयोग होता है।

Contractions किस– किस का हो सकता है –

1. Verb + not (Verb का not के साथ Contraction.)
2. Pronoun + Verb (Pronoun का Verb के साथ Contraction.)
3. Verb + Verb (Verb का Verb के साथ Contraction.)
4. Miscellaneous Contractions

Contraction Type – 1
Verb + not

• Is not = Isn’t (इज़न्ट / इज़न)
• Am not = Ain’t (एन्ट)
• Are not = Aren’t (आन्ट)
• Was not = Wasn’t (वाज़न्ट)
• Were not = Weren’t (वन्ट)
• Has not = Hasn’t (हैज़न्ट / हैज़न)
• Have not = Haven’t (हैवन्ट / हैवन)
• Had not = Hadn’t (हैडन्ट / हैडन)
• Do not = Don’t (डोन्ट / डोन)
• Does not = Doesn’t (डज़न्ट / डज़न)
• Did not = Didn’t (डिडन्ट / डिन्ट / डिन)
• Will not = Won’t (वोन्ट)
• Would not = Wouldn’t (वुडन्ट / वुडन)
• Cannot (कैनॉट) = Can’t (कान्ट)
• Could not = Couldn’t (कुडन्ट / कुडन)
• Should not = Shouldn’t (शुडन्ट / शुडन)
• Shall not = Shan’t (शॉन्ट)
• May not = Mayn’t (मेयन्ट)
• Might not = Mightn’t (माइटन्ट)
• Must not = Mustn’t (मसन्ट)
• Dare not = Daren’t (डेअन्ट)
• Need not = Needn’t (नीडन्ट)

वो शोर नहीं मचा रहा है।
He is not making a noise. = He isn’t making a noise.

मेरे पास खाने के लिए कुछ भी नहीं है।
I am not having anything to eat. = I ain’t having anything to eat.

आप चित्रकार नहीं हैं, है ना?
You are not a painter, are you? = You aren’t a painter, are you?

वह किसी की कठपुतली नहीं था।
He was not a puppet of anyone. = He wasn’t a puppet of anyone.

हम एक साथ नहीं खेल रहे थे।
We were not playing together. = We weren’t playing together.

वह अभी तक दिल्ली नहीं गया है।
He has not gone to Delhi yet. = He hasn’t gone to Delhi yet.

आपने इसे खुद नहीं किया है।
You have not done it yourself. = You haven’t done it yourself.

हमने उसे सालों से नहीं देखा था।
We had no’t seen him for years. = We hadn’t seen him for years.

तुम्हें गिटार बजाना नहीं आता।
You do not know how to play guitar. = You don’t know how to play guitar.

वह अकेले कहीं नहीं जाता।
He does not go anywhere alone. = He doesn’t go anywhere alone.

मैं उसके बारे में कुछ नहीं जानता था।
I did not know anything about him. = I didn’t know anything about him.

वह कल ऑफिस नहीं जायेगा।
He will not go to the office tomorrow. = He won’t go to the office tomorrow.

उसके पास इस वक्त लैपटॉप नहीं होगा।
He would not have a laptop right now. = He wouldn’t have a laptop right now.

हम खारा पानी नहीं पी सकते।
We cannot drink saline water. = We can’t drink saline water.

वह इसे दीवार पर नहीं चिपका सका।
He could not stick it on the wall. = He couldn’t stick it on the wall.

हमें काम से भागना नहीं चाहिए।
We should not shirk the work.  = We shouldn’t shirk the work.

क्या हम पार्क नहीं जायेंगे?
Shall we not go to the park? = Shan’t we go to the park?

आपको नियम नहीं तोड़ने चाहिए।
You shall not breach the rules. = You shan’t breach the rules.

वह आपका दुश्मन नहीं हो सकता।
He may not be your enemy. = He mayn’t be your enemy.

शायद बस आज नहीं आ रही होगी।
The bus might not be coming today. = The bus mightn’t be coming today.

आपको स्वार्थी और अहंकारी नहीं होना चाहिए।
You must not be selfish and arrogant. = You mustn’t be selfish and arrogant.

वो आपसे लड़ने की हिम्मत नहीं कर सकता।
He can’t dare to fight you. = He daren’t fight you.

आपको वहाँ जाने की जरूरत नहीं है।
You don’t need to go there. = You needn’t go there.

• ध्यान दें, Informal English में Ain’t को सिर्फ Am not के contraction के तौर पर नहीं, बल्कि Is not, Are not, Has not और Have not के contraction के रूप में माना जाता है।

Contraction Type -2
Pronoun + Verb

• I have = I’ve (आयव)
• They have = They’ve (देव)
• We have = We’ve (वीव)
• You have = You’ve (यूव)
• He is / He has = He’s (हीज़)
• She is / She has = She’s (शीज़)
• It is / It has = It’s (इट्स)
• I am = I’m (आयम)
• They are = They’re (देअर)
• We are = We’re (विअर)
• You are = You’re (यौर)

यह किताब मैंने खुद लिखी है।
I have written this book myself. = I’ve written this book myself.

वो डॉक्टर से कनसल्ट कर चुके हैं।
They have consulted a Doctor. = They’ve consulted a Doctor.

हम पहले ही मैच खेल चुके हैं।
We have already played the match. = We’ve already played the match.

आपने इसे सफलतापूर्वक किया है।
You have done it successfully. = You’ve done it successfully.

वह कुछ भी नहीं कर रहा है।
He is doing nothing at all. = He’s doing nothing at all.

वह सुबह से काम कर रहा है।
He has been working since morning. = He’s been working since morning.

वह मेरी बड़ी बहन है।
She is my elder sister. = She’s my elder sister.

वह आज कक्षा में उपस्थित हुई है।
She has attended the class today. = She’s attended the class today.

बिहार में इन दिनों भारी बारिश हो रही है।
It is raining heavily in Bihar these days. = It’s raining heavily in Bihar these days.

आपको देखे हुए 5 दिन हो गए हैं।
It has been 5 days having seen you. = It’s been 5 days having seen you.

मैं बस से उतर रहा हूँ।
I am getting off the bus. = I’m getting off the bus.

वे मेरे दोस्त हैं।
They are my friends. = They’re my friends.

हम फालतू में लड़ रहे हैं।
We are fighting unnecessarily. = We’re fighting unnecessarily.

तुम मुझे हँसा रहे हो।
You are making me laugh. = You’re making me laugh.

Please note:

हमने मूवी नहीं देखी है।
We have not seen the movie. =
We’ve not seen the movie. /
We haven’t seen the movie.

• यहाँ पर आप We have की जगह पर have not का भी Contraction प्रयोग कर सकते हैं।
  
  
• He will = He’ll (हील)
• She will = She’ll (शील)
• We will = We’ll (वील)
• You will = You’ll (यूल)
• They will = They’ll (देल)
• This will = This’ll (दिसिल)
• That will = That’ll (दैटिल)
• It will = It’ll (इटिल)

अगले साल उसके पास अच्छी नौकरी होगी।
He’ll have a good job next year.

वह कल 10 बजे ऑफिस में होगी।
She’ll be in the office tomorrow at 10.

हम शाम को आपके यहाँ आएँगे।
We’ll come to your place in the evening.

आप अपने जीवन में कुछ बड़ा करेंगे।
You’ll do something great in your life.

वे एक दिन अच्छा व्यवसाय करेंगे (कर रहे होंगे)।
They’ll be doing a good business one day.

यदि हम कभी अपने माता–पिता को ठेस पहुँचाएँ तो यह शर्म की बात होगी।
This’ll be a shame if we ever hurt our parents.

वो मेरे जीवन का सबसे अच्छा दिन होगा।
That’ll be the best day of my life.

अगर वह आज मुझसे मिलने आएँ तो बहुत अच्छा होगा।
It’ll be great if he comes to meet me today.

• He would / had = He’d (हीड)
• She would / had = She’d (शीड)
• We would / had = We’d (वीड)
• You would / had = You’d (यूड)
• They would / had = They’d (देड)
• This would / had = This’d (दिसिड)
• That would / had = That’d (दैटिड)
• It would / had = It’d (इटिड)

उसके बटुए में कुछ पैसे होंगे।
He would have some money in his wallet. = He’d have some money in his wallet.

वह पिछले साल मुझसे मिले थे।
He had met me last year. = He’d met me last year.

वह यह मोबाइल खरीदना चाहती है।
She would like to buy this mobile. = She’d like to buy this mobile.

उसने मुझे बहुत पहले फोन किया था।
She had called me a long back. = She’d called me a long back.

हम कॉफी की बजाय चाय पीना पसंद करेंगे।
We would rather have tea than coffee. = We’d rather have tea than coffee.

हमारे पास खरीदारी के लिए केवल 5000 रुपये थे।
We had only Rs.5000 for shopping. = We’d only Rs.5000 for shopping.

आपको यह पसंद आएगा, मुझ पर विश्वास करें।
You would love it, trust me. = You’d love it, trust me.

आपने उसे सोमवार को बुलाया था, मुझे यह पता है।
You had called him on Monday, I know that. =
You’d called him on Monday, I know that.

वे आपसे पहले आये थे।
They had come earlier than you. = They’d come earlier than you.

आपसे मिले हुए महीनों हो गये थे।
It had been months having met you. = It’d been months having met you.

Contraction Type -3
Verb + Verb

Could have = Could’ve (कुडव)

उसके पास एक पैन हो सकता है।
He could have a pen. = He could’ve a pen.

आप मुझसे मिल सकते थे।
You could have met me. = You could’ve met me.

Should have = Should’ve (शुडव)

हमारे पास अपना खुद का घर होना चाहिए | 
We should have our own house. = We should’ve our own house.

आपको मुझे कॉल करना चाहिए था।
You should have called me. = You should’ve called me.

हमारे पास अपना खुद का घर होना चाहिए था।
We should have had our own house. = We should’ve had our own house.

Would have = Would’ve (वुडव)

अगले ही मिनट वो निकल चुका होता।
He would have left in another minute. =
He would’ve left in another minute. / He’d’ve left in another minute.

• यहाँ पर आप He + would + have तीनों को Contract कर सकते हैं।

Contraction Type -4
Miscellaneous Contractions

• Going to = Gonna (गना)
• Want to / want a = Wanna (वना)
• Got to / Got a = Gotta (गॉटा)
• Give me = Gimme (गिमी)
• Let me = Lemme (लैमी)
• Let us = Let’s (लैट्स)
• Madam = Ma’am (मैम)
• Of the clock = O’clock (ओ क्लॉक)